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standard by International Organization for Standardization, 08/01/2011
ISO 11221:2011 specfies qualification and characterization test methods to simulate plasma interactions and electrostatic discharges on solar array panels in space. ISO 11221:2011 is applicable to solar array panels made of crystalline silicon, gallium arsenide (GaAs) or multi-junction solar cells. ISO 11221:2011 addresses only surface discharges on solar panels.