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Optimization of coagulation is central to the drinking water industry's ability to meet goals for particulate and natural organic matter removal. This article's authors stress the importance of adopting a holistic view of treatment objectives when considering possible changes to the coagulation process. They also highlight the necessity of evaluating coagulation as a multiple-input process that can be fine-tuned through adjustment of two fundamental parameters, pH and coagulant dose. Coagulation to form a properly conditioned floc is an essential aspect of the clarification/filtration treatment sequence, and any changes to optimize removal of particulates and total organic carbon must take this factor into account. Changes that might be undertaken include trying a different coagulant dose and pH, using alternative coagulants, and adding coagulants in a different sequence. By selecting the approach appropriate to their treatment goals and water quality conditions, utility managers can maximize treatment at their sites to meet existing and upcoming regulations. This work was developed in part from coagulation evaluations performed at a number of U.S. water treatment facilities over the past 15 years. The recommendations made here reflect results from bench- and pilot-scale testing over a range of water quality conditions as well as observations derived from full-scale operation. Includes 17 references, table, figures.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. 96 - No. 2 Published: 02/01/2004 Number of Pages: 12 File Size: 1 file , 580 KB