Full Description

This article addresses primarily the cold weather operation of open circuit cooling towers associated with water-cooled chiller systems, including those with water side economizers. While similar in many ways with regard to freeze protection of the recirculating water in contact with cooling air outside the process coils, closed-circuit cooling towers and evaporative condensers have special requirements that are not covered in this article.

Citation: ASHRAE Journal, vol. 56, no. 3, March 2014